Reference Chart

Definitions

Term	Meaning
`Chroma`	How pure a hue is in relation to gray.
`Saturation`	The degree of purity of a hue.
`Intensity`	The brightness or dullness of a hue.
`Luminance` or `Value`	The measure of the amount of light reflected from a hue.
`Shade`	A hue produced by the addition of black.
`Tint`	A hue produced by the addition of white.

Term	Description
`RGB`	Additive: created with light, start with black and add color.
`CYMK`	Subtractive: created with ink, start with white and add color.

Color	Meaning
`Red`	Intense, fire and blood, energy, war, danger, love, passionate, strong.
`Purple`	Royalty, power, nobility, wealth, ambition, dignified, mysterious.
`Blue`	Sky, sea, depth, stability, trust, masculine, tranquility.
`Yellow`	Sunshine, joy, cheerfulness, intellect, energy, attention-getter.
`Orange`	Warm, stimulating, enthusiasm, happiness, success, creative, autumn.
`Green`	Nature, growth, fertility, freshness, healing, safety, money.

Collected by Martin Krzywinski.

From the Adobe Illustrator manual, the following procedure is explain on how to create the complementary color of a single color:

note down the value of each RGB component, $R_{i}$ , $G_{i}$ and $B_{i}$ where the $i$ index denotes the input color,
add together the RGB component with the lowest value and the RGB component with the highest value and name it $C$ ,
the complementary color will now be given by the set of each component values $R_{o}G_{o}B_{o}$ where each resulting component value is the difference between $C$ and the initial RGB value, formulaically, that would be $R_{o}=C-R_{i}$ , $G_{o}=C-G_{i}$ , $B_{o}=C-B_{i}$